X-ray
A type of radiation used for imaging and treatment.
Carcinogenesis
The process by which normal cells are transformed into cancer cells.
Complete Response
The disappearance of all signs of cancer in response to treatment; does not always mean the cancer has been cured.
Cytology
The study of cells using a microscope.
Distant Recurrence
The return of cancer in a part of the body far from where it originally started.
Edema
Swelling caused by the buildup of fluid.
Endoscopy
A procedure that uses a thin, flexible tube with a light and a lens to view organs or tissues inside the body.
Excisional Biopsy
A surgical procedure in which an entire lump or suspicious area is removed for diagnosis.
Gene Therapy
Treatment that alters or replaces a person’s genes to help fight or prevent disease.
Hormone Therapy
Treatment that adds, blocks, or removes hormones to slow or stop the growth of cancer cells that need hormones to grow.
